Sun protection is important. In the United States, skin cancer is the number one form of cancer. This may be due to the fact that we live in a society that views tanning as desirable. But in reality, tanned and pink skin are indicators of skin damage, which can inevitably lead to skin cancer.
Through the years, conceptions of sun protection have changed dramatically. A common misconception is that a T-shirt can replace sunscreen during a day in the sun. However, even though the skin isn’t in direct contact with the sun, it may still be damaged. A typical T-shirt is equivalent to Sun Protection Factor (SPF) 10, and a polo shirt is only slightly better.
Another common misconception is that SPF determines the level of coverage that sunscreen provides. While higher SPFs allude to better protection, there is more you should take into account before purchasing a sunscreen. Make sure the sunscreen protects from both UVA and UVB rays and contains a physical block such as titanium oxide or zinc oxide.
Lastly, it is commonly believed that sun protection is not necessary with overcast skies or time spent in the shade. But ultraviolet light can penetrate cloud coverage and cause skin damage. Additionally, shade does not guarantee protection from ultraviolet rays, as light may bend around corners. Belief in these myths can inevitably contribute to skin damage, and may result in skin cancer.
Three forms of skin cancer include melanoma, basal cell carcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma. Melanoma is the deadliest form because of its ability to metastasize, or spread, quickly if not caught early. Basal cell is the most common skin cancer and also the most common form of cancer overall. Squamous cell carcinoma is the second most common skin cancer and has the potential for metastasize.
The best way to avoid skin cancer is to wear sun block with a broad spectrum of protection. Be sure to re-apply several times throughout the day, and when possible, take breaks in the shade if out in the sun for an extended period of time. The best method of treatment for skin cancer is surgery. However, some skin cancers are treated with topical creams and light treatments. Treatment is assessed on a case by case basis, determined by the intensity of the cancer and other underlying medical issues.
It is important to get suspicious moles and lesions checked out immediately to ensure early and successful treatment. It is a common misconception that raised moles are the most dangerous. The most dangerous are usually dark, flat, or changing.
If you are worried about suspicious skin lesions, dermatology experts from the University of Minnesota will be offering free examinations at the Minnesota State Fair. For more information about specific dates and times, please contact the Zoi Hills at 612-625-9938.
Peter Lee, M.D., Ph.D., is director of the Dermatologic Surgery and LaserCenter and professor of dermatology at the University of Minnesota Medical School.
Peter K. Lee, M.D., Ph.D., is the Director of the Dermatologic Surgery and Laser Center and is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Dermatology at the University of Minnesota. This column is an educational service of the University of Minnesota. Advice presented should not take the place of an examination by a health-care professional. For more health-related information, go to http://www.healthtalk.umn.edu.
